Kowloon Peak Asset Management Ltd holds a Type 9 licence with the condition that it must not hold client assets. Which of the following arrangements are consistent with the condition? I. Clients' portfolios sit in accounts in their own names with an independent custodian bank; the firm only gives trading instructions. II. Its broker settles trades delivery-versus-payment against the clients' custodian accounts. III. It collects clients' cheques payable to the custodian bank and passes them straight to the custodian. IV. Its client agreement lets it move cash from clients' custodian accounts to any account, including its own.
Client assets are client securities and collateral and client money (SFO Sch. 1). 'Hold' includes possession and, for a business, being in a position to transfer the property to itself or otherwise benefit from it where another person has an interest in it. Statements I and II are consistent: the assets stay in the clients' own custodian accounts and the firm only instructs. Statement III is consistent because the definition of 'hold' excludes possession of a cheque made payable to another person while dispatching or delivering it to that person. Statement IV breaches the condition: a power to move client cash to its own account puts the firm in a position to transfer the property to itself, which is holding. Source: SFO (Cap. 571) Sch. 1 Pt 1 ('client assets', 'client money', 'hold'); Securities and Futures (Financial Resources) Rules (Cap. 571N) s.2 ('specified licensing condition') (as at October 2026).
Thinking 'hold' means only physical possession. Being in a position to transfer client property to yourself is also holding it.
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